The Church of Christ

(Based on the Word of God; dedicated to the promotion of independence, Indianisation, unity, co-operation, and to the removal of corruption and evil in all forms and in all places.)

New Kingdom New Life

Then I saw a new heaven and a now earth, … saw the holy city, new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God … Now at last God has his dwelling among men … there shall be an end to death, and to mourning and crying and pain; for the old order has passed away!

— Revelation 21:1-4.

In truth, in very truth, I tell you, unless a man has been born over again be cannot see the kingdom of God.

— John 8:3.

But to all who did receive him, to those who have yielded him their allegiance, he gave the right to become children of God.

— John 1:12.

The Kingdom of God is among you.

— Luke 17:21.

The universe itself is to be freed from the shackles of mortality and enter upon the liberty and splendour of the children of God … the whole created universe groans as if in the pangs of childbirth.

— Romans 8:20-29.

When anyone is united to Christ, there is a new world … a new order has already begun.

— 2 Corinthians 5:17.

— New English Bible.

God’s Presence

The practice of “Waiting in God’s Presence” seems to be foreign to many Christians today. We are often prone to equate it with the mystical approach to spiritual experience. We have a tendency to shy away from this type of experience. Too often we pride ourselves in being active and practical in our approach to life. This approach is valid and valuable in many respects. It is tragic, however, when such thinking dominates our spiritual experience. One senses an unhealthy trend in Christian thinking today. It puts the emphasis upon physical action in our service for God.

We tend to feel there is so much to be done for God - and who would argue this point! - therefore, we have no time to sit idly by. We have boon so conditioned by modern life that we find it hard to remain silent for any considerable period of time. Indeed, meditation seems to have become a lost art.

There is a great need in the Church for as to learn anew the necessity for intimate communion with God, if we would do the service of God. We need to catch the truth of the words of F.H. Allen, who wrote:

"Be all at rest my soul! O blessed secret
Of the true life that glorifies thy Lord;
Not always doth the busiest soul best serve Him,
But he who reset on His faithful Word."

Andrew Murray has said, “The great lack of our religion is we do not know God.” How true that is! We know about Him. For many Christians their understanding of basic theology and related matter is not wanting. What we lack is a personal relationship with the One about whom we study. We need to experience so much more of the joy and reality of communion with Him.

David, the Psalmist, realised the significance of this truth. Many places in the Psalms he alludes to intimate communion and fellowship with God. In one Psalm in particular, Psalm 25, he makes a three-fold reference to this truth of waiting upon God. These references are in verses 3, 5, and 12.

There are many things which result from waiting in God’s presence. Of paramount importance, or course, is our becoming more fully identified with Him, and being filled with God, Himself. Andrew Murray very clearly sets forth this truth in his writing on the subject. He points out that the real reason for waiting upon God is not so much that we should come to possess His blessing, His love, and His power, but rather that He should possess us. When we know Him intimately, and when Ho possesses us fully, then we are assured of His blessing. May God teach us how to be more concerned about having His presence than having His gifts!

There are other things, also, which result from living much in the presence of God - things that are absolutely essential to Christian experience, and effective Christian service. First among these we might list spiritual insight. How desperately this is needed today! Too often we look at our situation and problems from the human point of view alone. It is true, we may pray about our problems, but all too often we fail to see them in true spiritual perspective. We face a complex world, and a cunning foe. For such an experience there is no alternative to spiritual insight.

A second result of waiting in the presence of God is the acquisition of spiritual power. How needful this is today when the forces of sin are so real, and the powers of hell are so strongly arrayed against the Church! How much of God’s work we do in the power of the flesh. We need the solemn reminder from God’s Word that it is “not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit, says the Lord of hosts.” The reality of such power in our lives will come only when we have the reality of His presence.

A final result of waiting upon the Lord is the experience of constant spiritual victory. That victory is the Lord’s! He shares it with hose who wait much in His presence.

May God teach us, anew, in these hectic days, the importance of learning to wait before Him. May He lead us deep into this experience until we are able to exclaim with the Psalmist, “My soul waiteth only on God, for my expectation is from Him.”

— GORDON COLHS, Editorial “Revival.”

God Is Not Dead

By LOUIS A. JACOBSEN

Truly, the Psalmist bath said, “The fool hath said in his heart there is no God.”

— Psalm 14:1.

Universality of Belief in God - Man Instinctively Believes in God

There is no people so wild and savage as not to have believed in o God, though they bare been unacquainted with His nature.

— Cicero.

No Town Without a Temple

Traversing the world, you may find towns, without walls, without letters, without kings, without coin, without schools, without theatres; but a town without a temple of prayer, no one ever saw.

— Plutarch.

African Tribes Believe in a Supreme God

Dr. Livingstone says that all the newly discovered tribes in the interior of Africa “have clear ideas of the Supreme God. There is no necessity for telling the most degraded of the people of the existence of God, or of a future state, for these facts are universally admitted.”

— L.I. Townsend, THE GOD-MAN, p. 87.

Egypt Believed in One God

“The unity of God was the central doctrine of the system. The Egyptians gave to the Supreme Being the very same name by which he was known to the Hebrews. - NUK PU NUK, ‘I am that I am’

— Myere’s Ancient History.

The Stoics Believed in God

The Stoics also teach the unity of God, and that He is called Mind and Fate and Jupiter, and by many other names besides.

— Diogenes Laertius, 200 A.D.

Only the one who wilfully deceives himself can remain blind to the abundant evidences of his senses and reason, that there is a God, who rule and sitteth in the heavens. Such a one is guilty of the grossest and crassest folly.

Admission of Skeptics Concerning God

Paine Calls Atheists Fools; Believed in God of Mercy and Judgment.

“The Power that called us into being can, if He please and when He pleases, call us to account for the manner in which we have lived here, and it is rational to believe that He will.”

“The practice of moral truth or, in other words, a practical imitation of the moral goodness of God, is no other than our acting toward each other as He acts - benignly toward all … forbearing with each other; for He forbears with all.”

“It is the fool only, and not the philosopher or the prudent man, that would live as if there were no God.”

Voltaire on the Necessity of God

“It is … absolutely necessary for princes and people that the idea of a Supreme Being, creating, governing, rewarding and punishing, be engraved on their minds.”

“If God did not exist it would be necessary to invent Him.”

Diderot Hears God Speak

Walking one day in the fields with a friend, Diderot plucked an ear of corn and fell “amusing” over it. “What are you doing?” asked the friend. “Listening,” was the reply, “Who is speaking to you?” “God,” Diderot replied. “Well, what does He say?” “He peaks in Hebrew. The heart comprehends, but the understanding is at fault.”

Diderot - God Is Everywhere

“Madmen! (he shouted to the French ecclesiastic) tear down he walls that imprison your ideas! Extend your Godhead! Confess that He is everywhere, or deny that He is at all.”

Rousseau Believed in God

“When my reason is afloat, my faith cannot long remain in suspense and I believe in God as firmly as in any other truth whatever; in short, a thousand motives draw me to the consolatory side, ad add the weight of hope to the equilibrium of reason.”

Hume - An Intelligent Being

“No one can look up at the sky without feeling that it must have been put in order by an intelligent Being. The whole frame of nature bespeaks an intelligent Author.”. (Talks while taking evening all.)

Bolingbroke Confessed God

“There lives and works, self-existent and invisible, one God of e universe … (having) infinite wisdom coincident with infinite benevolence … The voice of God speaks in the harmony of the universe.”

Bolingbroke suffered dreadfully from cancer. He bore the suffering with heroic fortitude, and he took his farewell of one of his few friends whom fortune had spared to him, with sentiments not unworthy of that sublime religion (Christianity) which be had long rejected.

Bolingbroke’s Last Recorded Words

Believed in Life After Death

“Goa, who placed me were, will do what Ele pleases with me hereafter, and He knows best what to do. May He bless you.”

With these words, he died December 12th, 1751.

Biography, Bolingbroke, a Historical Study, J.C. Collins, Pages 181-185.

Bradlaugh Would Not Deny God

“I do not stand here to prove that there is no God. I should undertake to prove such a proposition, I should deserve the ill words of the off quoted Psalmist applied to those who say that ‘There is no God.’ I do not say that there is no God.”

— Charles Bradlaugh, HIS LIFE AND WORKS, Vol. 1, p. 210.

This statement Mr. Bradlaugh made, in varying words, over and over again - A Record … By His Daughter, Hypatia Bradlaugh Bonner, Vol. 1, p. 87.

Ingersoll Not an Atheist

There may be some being beneath whose wing the universe exists, and whose every thought is a glittering star.

— Ingersolla Lectures.

Pope Denounces Atheists

“An atheist is but a mad ridiculous deride of piety.”

Atheism Would Be a Hell

“An atheistic and materialistic democracy seems to me a very bell upon earth.”

— Pressense.

Atheists Are Superficial Scholars

“A little natural philosophy, and the first entrance into it, doth dispose the opinion to atheism; but … much natural philosophy, and wading deep into it, will bring about men’s birds to religion … Against atheists the very savages take part with the subtlest philosophers … I would rather believe all the fables in the Koran than that this universal frame is without a Mind.”

— Lord Bacon, Essays.

Sorrow Cures Atheism

"There is no God," the foolish saith,
But none, "There is no sorrow;"
And nature oft the cry of faith
In bitter need will borrow;
Eyes which the preacher could not school
By wayside graves are raised;
And lips say, "God be pitiful."
Who never said, "God be praised."

— Mrs. Browning

Dying Words of Famous Infidels Voltaire’s Deathbed Prayer

“O God, whom all things proclaim! O God, who knowest me! Hear the last words that my lips pronounce. If I have deceived self, it has been searching for Thy laws. My heart may have wandered, but it was full of Thee.”

— Aspirations of the World, by Lydia Maria Child, p. 89.

“Oh Christ!” cried Voltaire. “O Lord Jesus I must die - anyone by God and men.” For his condition had become so rightful that his infidel associates were afraid to approach his beside. After ho passed away his nurse said repeatedly, “For all the wealth of Europe I would never see another infidel die.”

— BIBLICAL WITNESS

Jehovah’s Witnesses

Truth and Error

A world convention of Jehovah’s Witnesses is scheduled to take place in Melbourne in October. It is anticipated that some 20,000 of these people will descend on this city, and get much publicity and spread their propaganda.

They are enough of a menace at ordinary times, as they go from door to door selling their literature and insinuating their false teaching. But this will give them an opportunity of greater impact on the public - especially the ill-informed public.

However, we have the assurance that “when the enemy shall come in like a flood, the Spirit of the Lord shall lift up a standard”against him” (Isaiah 59:19). But He uses people. So Christians must be informed and be able to distinguish truth from error if they would raise a banner because of truth.

Accordingly, we are reprinting a brief article by the Rev. D.R. Bibbs, which appeared three years ago, which sets out very clearly, though briefly, the contrast between the orthodox Christian faith and the errors of the Jehovah’s Witnesses.

What Orthodox Christians Maintain

(Together with a few Scriptural references on which these beliefs are based)

1. Concerning the Deity of our Lord Jesus Christ That the Lord Jesus Christ is God and that He existed from all eternity with the Father (John 1:1; John 1:14; John 10:30 and 14:6).

2. Concerning the Trinity That there is but one God and that God eternally exists in three persons, Father, Son and Holy Spirit (Deuteronomy 6:4; 1 Corinthians 8:6; John 16:13-14: Matthew 28:19; 2 Corinthians 18:14).

3. Concerning the Atonement That Christ was appointed by God to be the sinner’s substitute, and to bear the sinner’s penalty due to him because of sin. This all in order that the sinner might be pardoned and forgiven by believing in Christ for salvation. (Mark 10:45; Isaiah 53:4-5; Romans 5:8; Ephesians 2:8-9, Hebrews 10:12-14).

4. Concerning the Resurrection The Christ rose bodily from the dead by Almighty power of God, and that He ascended to the right band of God and dwell there in majesty and glory (Matthew 28:5-7; Acts 2:32-33; Luke 24:36-43; John 20:25-27):

5. Concerning Man That man has an immortal soul, and differs from the beasts (Genesis 2:7: Ecclesiastes 12:7; 1 Thessalonians 5:23).

6. Concerning a future life That there is to be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust - one to eternal life and the other to eternal damnation. (Luke 16:23-24; Matthew 25:46; John 5:28-29).

7. Concerning the Second Coming of Christ That Christ will personally return in power and great glory, no man knowing the day nor hour when that will be (Acts. 1:10-11, 1 Thessalonians 4:15-17).

8. Concerning the Church That the Church of Jesus Christ is composed of those who profess faith in Jesus Christ as Saviour (Acts 16:31; 2:47; 11:11; 20:17, 25; 1 Corinthians 11:22.)

What the Jehovah’s Witnesses Maintain

1. Concerning the Deity of our Lord Jesus Christ That the Lord Jesus Christ is not God, but a created being, chief of the angels and the biggest created being.

2. Concerning the Trinity That the Holy Spirit is not a person, but the invisible active force of God. There is no such thing as a trinity of persons in the godhead. Satan originated such an idea.

3. Concerning the Atonement That Christ did not die as a substitute, or bear the sinner’s penalty on account of sin. He purchased for man his right of continued existence which he had lost through Adam. Man has now an opportunity to gain life by his own obedience and works.

4. Concerning the Resurrection That Christ rose spiritually, and that He did not rise from the lead in bodily form. God disposed of the body, and He was raised spirit being of the highest order,

5. Concerning Man That man has not got an immortal soul and does not differ from the beasts.

6. Concerning a future life That death means destruction, absolute non-existence, and that Hell means the grave.

7. Concerning the Second Coming of Christ That there is to be no physical return of Christ. Christ returned to the temple in 1914 and cleansed it by 1918 for judgment upon sinful men, and Satan’s organisations.

8. Concerning the Church That ecclesiastical systems are all under the control of the Devil, and constitute Anti-Christ. Jehovah’s Witnesses have no respect for the organised church or its ministers - Protestant or Roman Catholic.

— Biblical Witness.

Comment

The Mystic Syllable: Aum

Fr. J. Dupuis of St. Mary’s College, Kurseong, writes in a recent number of “Calcutta Calling” about the College’s renewed chapel where the Christian mystery is expressed through Indian religions symbols, where the Indian and Christian symbolism merge into one to show that Christ is the centre of all things. He makes a special point of the sacred syllable AUM (pronounced Om) “which is Indian’s religious symbol par excellence, which goes back to the most ancient Vedic times.”

“The mystic syllable is extensively used in all our Mantra literature,” says Dr. D.S. Sarma. “Every sacred mantra begins with AUM … and the most sacred of all the mantras which begins with AUM is the famous Gayatri Mantra which invokes Savitr - the mystical Sun, the light of all lights, jyotishamapi tajjvotih.” Similarly, Prof. S.R. Sarma, another historian, reminds us that Nachiketa (of Kathaupanishad) insists on knowing from Yama that which alone makes for true liberation. “Then, Yama, highly pleased with the young aspirant, expounds the word which all the Vedas declare: OM.”

Fr. Dupais own interpretation of the syllable is illuminating “Belonging to the realm of sounds where it represents the summit of articulate speech, the panava is apt to symbolise man’s admirative silence before God’s ineffable mystery; it also sums up the content of God’s self-manifestation. God alone who speaks about himself, is able to break through the silence and to speak to men of his concern for their kind and of their calling to share in his own life. In Christ the secret of God’s inner life has been revealed. Thus, once it is assumed in Christian thought, the sacred syllable, composed of three elements yet uttered in one single sound, becomes the audible symbol of the mystery of the Trinity.”

The evangelical tradition (non-Roman), too, has always emphasised the fall Trinitarian faith: “It is God who creates and makes himself known … It is he who was in Christ reconciling the world to himself and who through the enlightening of the Spirit calls men into relationship with himself and one another in the fellowship of the Church.” In such Trinitarian theology alone does the Christian faith find full or adequate expression. And as Fr. Dupuis suggests the mystical syllable OM (AUM) may well be adapted to symbolise the full Christian faith. But before that is done deep study of the Om symbol in the history of Hindu thought may be necessary.

— GUARDIAN - M.S.R.

Questions and Answers

U.T.S. Students

1. If one studies the life of Sri Ramakrishna one cannot but feel that he was a good and sincere man of noble character, but he was a devotee of the Hindu goddess Kali. Are we to consider that the inspiration of his life and works came from Kali or from some other source?

   ANSWER. All true inspiration comes from one source, the Holy Spirit, who comes forth from the Heavenly Father and from His Son who became man. Kali and all the other gods and goddesses of the Hindus and other races are not separate existences or persons, but ideas projected by the human mind, and are characteristic of a certain stage in the development of human religion. A farther stage was reached by Moses who forbade the use of images devised by human imagination in worship. A further stage was reached when the Son of God became man and perfectly revealed the nature of God. Ramakrishna followed the old tradition of Hinduism, handed down from his ancestors, in all simplicity and sincerity. What he really worshipped was there God who had created and redeemed him and what inspired him was the one Holy Spirit. God in the mercy, we may believe, accepted his sincerity and pardoned his ignorance. Those who have found the true image of God in Christ leave behind all man imagined images and have co desire to return to them.

2. In Acts 4:12 it is said of Jesus Christ, ’There is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved! If salvation can only be obtained through Christ how can the worshippers of gods and goddesses and followers of other religions be saved?

ANSWER. God judges all men according to their works (Revelations 20:12-13). He considers how they have made use of the knowledge they have had and the opportunities that have come their way. Those who have never known Christ will be judged by the use they made of the religious knowledge that was within their reach, but they will not be saved by their good works or by their religious rites but by the one Saviour of mankind, Jesus Christ. If this were not, so then the greater fart of the human race would be deprived of salvation, which would be quite contrary to what we know about the loving Father of Jesus Christ.

Mission Paradox: Prosperity and Frustration

MORE MISSIONARIES overseas, more money for missions - but more anxiety over the function and future of missionaries than ever before. These are the paradoxical observations of David Stowe to the triennial meeting of the National Council of Churches’ Division of Overseas Ministries in New Heaven in late November. Dr. Stowe, associate general secretary in charge of the division, reported a record total of 33,270 missionaries from the U.S. and Canada to other parts of the world. Mission income was doubled in the past decade. But, noted Dr. Stowe, the “prototype missionary” has become increasingly unacceptable, or is “written off as a proselytiser, imperialist or colonialist. By far the largest rate of increase in overseas missionaries, however; is to be found among the more conservative and fundamentalist groups. Thus even though the more liberal churches are increasingly persuaded that their mission work must move in the context of secular preoccupations, they find themselves slipping behind (and in increasing tension with) sectarian conservatives. The truth in the more liberal inclination is that the missionary-as-power-figure has been rejected by the nationalist pressures of mission lands and”younger churches” - and rightly. But it is a mistake to redefine the function of the missionary simply in terms of a nondirective and supportive role in traditional mission projects. The most urgently needed redefinition sone that (1) overcomes the charity and-philanthropy syndrome which continues to dominate even the more liberal mission boards; (2) confront the irreversible politicisation and technicisation of all contemporary societies and their relationships to each other across international boundaries; and (3) perceives the evangelical and ethical import of these sots of life. Missionaries have often, on furlough and on retirement, served as valuable two-way ambassadors in international understanding: But that function must become more than a by-product or an occasional thing. The wholeness of the gospel in our time will be experienced fly when the diversity of cultures and races and the inequities, and he tensions among peoples are but at the centre of mission instead of at its periphery. When this refocusing of mission on the nexus of the human family takes place, we shall find ourselves receiving missionaries as well as sending them. And we shall discover that the mission of Jesus Christ has a future more urgent and more challenging ban any chapter in its pass history.

— Christian Century.

Reflections on Christianity and Conversion

Author: - Shri Chandrashekhar Shivalingappa Kirby, B.A.

In our country, a man has the freedom and the right to accept any religion he likes. Nevertheless, The Hindu Vishwa Parishat not only preventing those who wish to convert themselves to the Christian Faith, but is also trying to re-convert the Christians to the Hindu Faith. Last week, it was published in a newspaper that 62 Christians in Dharwar district were converted back to Hinduism. If the reasons for these re-conversions were published, every one would have come to know in what respects Hinduism was superior to Christianity. But if these re-conversions have taken place, not because of the superiority of Hinduism or the Hindu Incarnations, but due to some inducement or material gain, or threat or pressure, they have no value or importance. On the other band, the Christian community will feel considerably relieved of such superfluous burden if such nominal Christians (more buck) go out of the Community.

Are All Religions Alike?

Some Hindu religious leaders proclaim that all religions are alike. If they really believe this, then they must not object any one converting to any other religion. On the other bond, in order to show that they literally believe what they say, some of them they should themselves convert to another religion. Similarly, those who declare that “RAMA and RAHEEM are one and the same” and inst, God can be addressed as “ISHWAR or ALLAH”, they should themselves use the name of RAHEEM, and the name of ALLAH in their daily prayers and meditations. Otherwise, their words will have no weight or value or the position would be illogical.

Regarding Conversion to Christianity

Although Christianity came to India a little earlier than 1900 years ago, it is only during the last 200 years that it has spread a little more widely and in North India. Nevertheless, the population of Christians has not reached even 3% of the total population. On this basis it will take at least 6,000 years to convert the whole population of India to the Christian faith; and if some are still willing to become Christians and this too is possible only if the population remains the same as at present! But this is impossible in the face of the population increasing by more than one Crore every year!

But inspire of these facts, a good deal of alarming propaganda is carried on against conversion to Christian it by false and exaggerated statement to the effect that “If conversion to Christianity is allowed to be carried on at the present rate, there will not be a single Hindu left in Hindustan in the next few years”! It can be easily proved how far removed from truth this exaggerated statement is; because even if the Christian population - which is at present, about 1 1/2 Crores - increases by 50% during the next ten years both on account of births and conversions, it will result in an increase of 75 lakhs of Christians. But in the case of Hindus - whose population is now about 44 Crores - even though the population grows by only 20% during the same period of 10 years, it will result in an increase of 3 Crores and 80 lakhs of Hindus! This shows clearly how utterly possible it is even to imagine that there will not be a single Hindu left in Hindustan!

If we compare these figures, it can be seen that while the Hindu population increased by about 19% during the 10 years, the Christian population increased by 26% due to births well as due to conversions. But the Buddhist population increased by 1650% mostly due to conversions during the same period! It is indeed very sad and surprising that while nothing inlaid about the enormous increase in the Buddhist population, considerable opposition and propaganda is married on against conversion to the Christian faith. Let us she what re the reasons for such prejudice and opposition.

Reasons for Opposition to Christianity

The first reason for opposition is that it is a Western religion. But we should remember that the origin of Christianity is not in the Western hemisphere, but in Palestine which forms a part of the Asian continent the Eastern hemisphere. The history of many of the Western nations will reveal how they who were in a wild and uncivilised condition before the advent of Christianity, became civilised and reformed due to the influence of Christianity!

The second reason for opposition is the mistaken notion that the Hindus will become worse by becoming Christians. But quite a number of examples can be quoted to show that by becoming the devotees of the loving incarnation of God in Jesus Christ, they not only show an all-round improvement but also become helpful and serviceable to there. Not thousands, but lakhs of instances can be given of Hindu Brothers and Sisters and their children who longed to the depressed and suppressed classes for thousands of years, but have been transformed into educated and well-behaved citizens due to their having been converted to the Christian faith!

But in the case of their own relatives who have continued to belong to the depressed and scheduled classes we find them they are still thieves, drunkards and a source of danger to society. And if we compare these two pictures dispassionately and impartially, we have to admit that both individually and socially considerable progress has been achieved through the influence of Christianity. And this makes it convincingly evident that Jesus Christ did not come into the world like other incarnations “to protect the saint and to destroy the wicked” but that he came specially to save and redeem the wicked and sinful persons! It must be admitted that although all of us are not wicked, yet we are all sinners before God either by sinful thoughts, words or deeds. But if we accept this Saviour of the world, as our personal Saviour, we not only get remission of our sins through His atoning sacrifice and progress spiritually in this life, but will also gain heavenly happiness after death.

Thirdly, some people think that because the majority of the converts came from the lower classes, Christianity is an inferior religion. But it is worth noting that “Bhakti Bbandari” or the ideal devotee Basavanna who revolted against Orthodox Hinduism and converted labs of depressed classes to Lingayat religion during the 12th century commands the respect of all persons. And it should not be forgotten that thousand of educated, rich and high-class Hindus have become Christians. For instance the late Sadhu Sunder Singh, Pandita Ramabai, Narayan Vaman Tilak, Neelakant Shastry Gore, Yeshwantrao Chidambar, Mahala Ratnam and hundreds of much others. And among those who are living at present and with whom I am in contact personally and through correspondence, I can quote the names of Acharya R.C. Das M.A., of Khristpanthi Ashram at Banaras (Varanasi) Bhakta Singh and Rao-Sahib K. Subba Rao B.A., B.T. of Andhra Pradesh, Dr. V.N. Sharma Ph.D. of Madras and Mr. Paul Sudhakar M.A. and Swami Dharms Theertha B.A., LL. B. of Kerala etc. Those who wish to know why they gave up their old religion and became the devotees of Jesus Christ, may write to them or contact them directly.

Another important and note-worthy item of new is that one Adhyaksha Anubbavasnad Keshawaraya Sharma a learned Pandit of Mandapaka in West Godavari District (A.P.) found from a study of “RIGVEDA” that the nine conditions laid down about the sacrificial goat for the remission of sine … as to how it should be sacrificed and brought back to life again … applied completely to Jesus Christ alone, and not to any other “Avatar” or incarnation and therefore accepted this Saviour of the World as his personal Saviour! Every earnest seeker should consider this seriously and all my Hindu Brothers who are serious seekers after the biggest and noblest “JAGAT GURU” would study the life and teachings of Jesus Christ critically and give their frank and sincere answer to the serious question which Jesus Christ asked 2000 years ago namely, “WHAT DO YOU THINK OF ME?” And it is my earnest desire and prayer that my fellow countrymen should give a straight answer to that question, and follow the dictates of their conscience openly and fearlessly. It can be stated without the least doubt that there are many educated Hindu Brothers and Sisters have accepted and followed Jesus Christ is their Lord and Saviour in their hearts, although they do not have the courage or convenience to confess Him openly as their Saviour.

It must be admitted that as in all religions of the world, there are also many nominal followers in Christian religion and that therefore the force and power of Christianity is not visibly outstanding. Nevertheless, we see that the Christian principles EQUALITY, FRATERNITY and LIBERTY are spreading throughout the world! And as a result of these principles we can see that considerable help and service are being given to the oppressed and down trodden people and to the sick and suffering and to the poor and ignorant persons. This is a good proof the real Christianity.

In conclusion, it is my humble appeal to my Brothers of the Hindu Majority community - who call themselves as “Vishwa- Kutumbis” (or members of the Universal Family) to treat the Minority community of Indian Christians, who also are the loyal children of “Bharata-Mata” or Mother India wish brotherly love, affection and toleration.

— HUBLI, 13-12-1969, Sd. C.S. Kirby.

Revolting

The Collector, Bombay.

SIR:

THE refusal of burial rights to members of certain Indian Christian denominations by the Sewri Cemetery Board is shocking and inhuman. The Board, under foreign influence, evidently launched vendetta against Si. Paul’s Hindustani Church, which is purely Indian controlled. The denial rights, according to the complaint, came barely two weeks after the Indian National Church won the last round in a series of court cases for the control of St. Paul’s Church at Byculla, in May 1070. You, as the Chairman of the Board of the Cemetery, should be seen to it that the order is immediately revoked and a more humane attitude is adopted towards the members of the Indian National Church who have been made special victims of this revolting crime.

— VOX POPULI, Blitz, Bombay, 16-1-1971

Trouble Over Sale of Church Land

PLEASE PONDER OVER THE FOLLOWING FACTS:

If somebody cut off your nose, and let you live how will you feel, and how will others look at you?

This exactly what happened for us, Christians of Varanasi and of Sigra in particular. An English Missionary, Rev. R.P. Harland sold away the land belonging to our Church at Sigra without consulting us, without the least care about the future of Christians, about the position, status, and respect of Indian Christians. (If any of us were informed about this nefarious sale and no objections were raised such persons stand as traitors and condemned before our Lord and fellow Christians). What sort of Engineering skill, decency, or common sense is shown in such a sale; leaving no space for assembling, not even a proper gate and approach. The frontage of our worshipping place is marred. The sight and view of our Church is spoiled and thus the sanctity of our Church is impaired at the hands of an English-man.

Does this Missionary still think we Indians are under him, or we have no respect and status and not even the backbone?

So dear friend in Christ, it is the sacred duty of we Christians of St. Paul’s Church in particular, to stand united and prove that we Indian Christians have backbone, we too have respect and status. We must fight teeth and nail against this indecent unchristian act and the person or persona responsible for this sale, the greatest insult on us, should not be allowed to leave our country without rectifying this misdeed.

Therefore, this insult should not be tolerated.

— Christians of St. Paul’s Church, Sigra, Varanasi

P.S.:

A meeting of all Christians is arranged on 22-12-1970 at 4 P.M. at the Parish Hall to protest against this sale of Church Property.

(See Note on this subject of Church Property) - Editor

Christians Denied Burial

Not denied by Hindus or Muslims but other Christians!

The Sewri Cemetery Board of Greater Bombay was recently denied St. Paul’s Hindustani Church of Bombay and its pastor burial rights in the only Christian Cemetery in Bombay. The wife of the pastor of this Church, Archbishop J.S. Williams, died and her husband was obliged to have her body cremated. A month later another member of this Church died and bad no place to be buried! This family could not spend the required amount for cremation as the body had to be taken some twenty miles as well as the high fee of the crematorium bad to be paid. Where this burial was finally made the writer has not been informed. But the writer can think of three places where it might have been done. The Muslim Cemetery if the Muslims would allow it, the compound of St. Paul’s Church if the city would allow it, or under the floor of the deceased person’s house, if allowed.

The reason for disallowing burial by St. Paul’s Church is given by the Sewri Cemetery Board as being that no representative of that church is a member of the Board! Yet St. Paul’s and Archbishop Williams have been burying and performing the funeral rites in Sewri Cemetery since the early 1950s. Furthermore, the letter said that the member of Cemetery Board are representatives of the Anglican, Scottish and Roman Catholic churches only while everyone knows that about 300 churches are using that cemetery, denominations not represented on the Board.

Denial of burial rights in Sewri Cemetery was once before made by the Board, in early 1950s. Archbishop Williams at that time appealed to Bombay Municipality for help and that body passed a ruling that any Christian of any denomination had the right to bury in that cemetery. Police accompanied Archbishop Williams and the funeral party on the occasion of the first burial after the order was passed to protect it from hindrance by the Cemetery Board which might ensue,

The Anglican denomination has been trying to evict St. Paul’s congregation from the church and its property for many years. The case has been in the Courts, appeals by both sides lost and won. In May 1970 master Court battle in this “war” against independent Christians by other “Christians” was lost the last round by the Anglicans and within a few days the letter from the Sewri Cemetery Board arrived at the office of St. Paul’s Hindustani Church forbidding that church’s pastor or his people from using the cemetery. What retaliation! What cruel retaliation! By Christians! So-called!

Archbishop Williams has appealed to the Collector of Bombay, to the City of Bombay, to the State of Maharashtra but his letters have not been even acknowledged up to the time of writing this article. On November 11th 1970, as Secretary of the All India Federation of National Churches, of which St. Paul’s is a member, I addressed the Centre’s Minister of Health. On November 15th his office sent me so acknowledge of my letter but no action has so far resulted.

What a cruel method of trying to gain a piece of land and a building! No wonder the Christian community does not grow or have national influence. What impression does such action give to the general public! And in this freedom in Independent India!

St. Paul’s Hindustani Church declared itself an independent congregation in the 1950s. Immediately the Anglicans started legal procedure to evict the congregation. The property is a Public Trust, under control of the Charity Commissioner, with the Anglicans still deemed its “Managers”. Managers they may be, but they hold no services there, they do nothing toward maintaining the property or repairing it. What sort of Managers are they? The Courts decide the case and the appeals with ambiguity, appeal following appeal. What shall the Church do?

Readers of this article, will you pray for this situation and beseech God to make his guidance in the matter known? We Christians of India must be treated with respect and our desire for freedom from foreign control and support granted. Are we beggars to be supported by foreigners after 150 years and more of being “Christians”? Pray for this Church.

— Manorama R. Modak, Modak Wadi, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra State.

(This is shocking, disgusting and deplorable. We do not know about Muslim attitude and practice but the Hindu Mohan, burning ghat) is open to all - irrespective of caste, colour, creed. There have been many other cases of similar nature among Christians in India. We recollect a case in Madras when the Christian dead body has to be buried on a Hindu burning place. There are many other kinds of unchristian and inhuman discrimination among Christians mostly due to denominational western theology, sectarian animosity, or bare material interest of the crudest kind. India is politically free, but her society in bound by many varied cruel customs. But Christians are restricted and oppressed by ridiculous but hateful attitudes and prejudices of other “Christians”. Let right thinking men fight and eradicate this evil.

— Editor Church of Christ.

In the Fellowship of Faith and Work

Since the last publication of the “Church of Christ” in December 1970, some significant events have happened concerning the future of the Church and its witness, both locally and outside.

1. The Church of North India has been established uniting under the episcopal system most of the bigger and important churches. It is a great thing that the unity of the faith and mission of the church in Christ has been vindicated.

2. A dialogue between some Hindu and Christian intellectuals was held in the Kashi Vidyapith University at the instance of the Rev. Father R. Panikkar. It is hoped that this will be repeated even in the absence of Prof. Dr. Panikkar in U.S.A.

3. The Catholic brethren and other Christians of Varanasi have had united evangelistic meetings and worship service on the basis of recognition of all the ministries. The social meet arranged in the Bishop’s House was a good fellowship and the annual prayer meeting for the unity of the Universal Church was spiritually uplifting. The Catholic Church with its new Indian bishop progressive and imaginative outlook have plans for developments the city-socio-economic, educational and evangelistic in nature, through the services of celibate communities of men and women.

4. The coming of Fr. Iswar Prasad into the fellowship of the Ashram in the beginning of the year is a hopeful event in the field of witness on indigenous lines. He has already started the study of some Hinduism and appropriate approach to it and also some contacts with suckers. In spirit and personal appearance he is a right type of evangelist for a city like Varanasi.

5. Rev. D. Dutt of Calcutta has visited the Naga Hills recently and is reported to be in Madras, A.P., Bankura at this writing. Mrs. B. Dutt (senior) who has had uncertain health has been struggling with the completion of her book on the life and teaching of Jesus.

6. Mrs. Manorama R. Modak has brought out a beautiful biography of her late husband - the Rt. Rev. Ramkrishnapunt Sadhu Modak (first President of the All India Federation of National Churches) under the appropriate title of “The World is my Family.” The bock is attractively and solidly bound and illustrated with pictures and has 266 pages of close print. Though rather highly priced at Rs. 28/- (quite suitable for American purse) yet some of our Indian readers may be able to purchase it and benefit by reading its contents. The address: Mrs. M.R. Modak, Modakwadi, Ahmednagar, (Maharashtra).

7. Shri Satyen Choudhury of “Shanti Kendra”, Jampui Hill (Tripura) went to hospital for some operation, but is released without it. Please pray for him and his family at Jaspur.

8. The following have visited the Ashram: Shri Thomas George (United Bible Seminary, Yeotmal); The local Archdeacon with a Catholic Father from Suva (Fiji Islands) some clergy of the diocese; some students from Christnagar (to receive some instruction on Hinduism); a friend from Poland; Hans Rutling of Denmark; a student of the Ashram movement in the Indian Church; Mandred Lipp and wife (Germany) - students of spirituality; Mr. and Mrs. Bbattacbarya (W.B.)

9. Sadhu A.N. Sircar of Katpadi (N.A., Tamil Nadu) is to carry on a ministry of Gospel preaching and healing of the sick for two months (10th March to 10th May) in Andhra Pradesh. The Programme has been sponsored by the bishops of Hyderabad and Andhra. Prayers are asked for the success of the meetings where thousands will gather so that many may come to the saving knowledge of Christ.

In spite of keen cold of this winter Acharya Das and inmates of the Ashram have maintained fairly good health.

— Executive Secretary, B.K.S.

Notes

1. Bharatmata Is Seriously Wounded and Weeping

Nobody ever imagined before Independence that within quarter of a century this would be the condition of beloved India after Independence. We had a rosy picture of our country held before us by our great leaders and unique freedom fighters. Selfishness has entered the core of our life - political, social, and even religions. Bloody violence is sweeping all over the country. Our body politic, our social, cultural and religions life is furrowed deep into schisms ad chasms and filled with utter corruption from top to bottom.

Who can stall this rot, who can save India at this hour? Past experience does not encourage any belief that the United Front, right or left, will be able to form any stable government for any reasonable length of time. The Rightists are incapable of realising the real need of the Nation and so of their duty and function. The democratic socialists have a hazy notion of their objectives and of the means to fulfil them. The extreme Leftists know their objectives more clearly but are too much inclined to use violence for quick results. Among the democratic socialists the party under Indira Gandhi, given a majority, might succeed to some extent. But will they have enough selflessness, imagination and courage to implement their publicised policies and programmes? The fate of India hangs on such a possibility.

In the present condition of West Bengal, even if given a majority, no other party than possibly the CPM seems capable to deliver the goods. The real conflict being between the haves and have-nots, between the high and the low, between the strong and the weak no party that has not genuine concern for the common man, who represents the majority and constitutes the backbone of the ion, can sit in power for long. Revolution, bloody and relentless, is inevitable. Should Christians not be the salt of the earth and help stop rot wherever they are? It is useless to condemn the Communists or the Right Alliance without positively emphasising and honestly promising to fulfil the democratic socialist ideas and policies. Common people have lost all confidence in hollow promisee. They are impatient with delay, inefficiency, evasion. So they are naturally inclined to be the instrument of a bloody revolution. This catastrophe can be averted only by quick implementation of socialist programmes.

2. The Problem of Foreign Mission Properly and the Obsolete Foreign Dominated Church Policies

Elsewhere in this issue are published two statements - one concerning the sale of some church land to a Hindu party in St. Paul’s church compound, Sigra, in Varanasi, another on denying burials of Christian dead in Christian cemetery in Bombay.

It is obvious how high-handed is the action, and how callous the attitude, of foreign mission church authority. Away back in the thirties when we came to preach the Gospel of peace to Hindus of Varanasi, we found ourselves in the whirlpool of agitations, protest, Satyagraha, even threat to missionaries and their paid Indian workers of the church, carried on by the “Indian Christian Association” - an independent organisation of Indian Christians to protect the interests of the church as distinct from foreign mission. They were highly educated men and women, mostly lay, but there were some ordained clergy and many Government servants and other leaders holding high positions in society. It was strange to our understanding of Christianity and the church. There were constant tensions, struggles, misunderstandings and bad blood between Christian missionaries and mission workers on the one hand and important leader of the community on the other over large scale sale of Christian properties including church buildings, missionaries bungalows, schools, hospitals and lands attached to churches, in practically all the missions throughout the North and Northeast India. These properties were acquired by missionaries for purposes of evangelisation and in the interest of developing congregations of worshippers, right from the beginnings the various foreign mission have purchased properties in the name of their societies and kept the title deeds in London, New York and other places as the case, maybe. They have legally owned the properties, so have had the legal right to dispose of them in any way they thought fit. But is legal right the highest motive of action in the religion sphere? Do not moral and human considerations over-ride them? To this matter of sales the missionaries have hurt the true cause of Christianity in India, injured the interest of the Indian Church and shown a bad example to non-Christians who have got a poor idea of their faith and their Christian vocation. Particularly the manner in which they have done the job without taking into confidence the people immediately concerned has pained and irritated both Christians and others. Let us take the example of Varanasi itself and the situations in many other centres will be more or else similar. Soon after we came here in 1930 and joined the “Banaras United City Mission’ (Kashi Khristiya Sangha) and the Khristpanthi Ashram of which Acharya R.C. Das was the leading organiser and evangelist, the CMS sold way several bighas of a prosperous guava garden attached to the church. This would have been a permanent source of income for the maintenance of the church and development of its activities. Then the only orphanage was closed down and best teachers training (women) school was discontinued without the knowledge of the local Christians. About the same time the famous Jainarain school and college (donated by a Hindu maharaja of Sibpur, West Bengal) was sought to be sold to Hindu parties for 3 lakhs of rupees. In resisting all these actions of the Anglican Mission, the I.C.A. played an important role. But they could not stop the renting out and subsequent sale of the orphanage and school but successfully resisted (with the help of staff, Old Boys Association, the Hindu Muslim public who wanted the continuation of Christian ownership and management) the transfer of J.N. School. And look and behold, this was public charitable property - gift of a pious Vaishva Hindu who was a devotee of Christ! What did a foreign mission have to even think of selling properties which were not morally their own?

In the pioneering days of Christianity in Varanasi the four important missions (CMS, LMS, ZBM, and MMS) acquired vast properties at cheap rates and much of it free of cost within in the Holy City are as well as on the outskirts and in the Cantonments. Some of these properties-houses and one church and school were in sacred temple lanes, access to bathing ghats and in congested Hindu localities. Except the church building - half converted into shops and living rooms and rented out to non-Christians and the other half converted into as a Christian book room, all other properties in the city - a catechist’s three stored house in Viswanath Temple lane, another house on a ghat, a useful preaching centre adjacent to the Arya Samaj in the Chowk area, the Parsonage on Godhanlia Road. Primary school building have all been sold out to Hindu and the above-named missions have no real contact with the city people. As to Methodist Mission affairs, they have sold out much land around a church compound at the edge of the city. They are now contemplating and manoeuvring how best (without the knowledge of local Christians or at lease not offending them too much) to dispose of their vast properties in the Cantonment, area including a Technical School - long closed - which was so useful to poor Christian boys, 3 mission bungalows with large compounds, if not their very important and very large multipurpose Higher Secondary Institution (once a college) - the Cutting Memorial school. To disarm opposition they have granted free or cheap rate lands and houses to their retired or retiring clergy, teacher and other workers. Several attempts as sale of property have been made in the past, with deplorable events happening, by the so-called Pilgrim Mission in the Cantonment area ho have never known even the meaning of a “pilgrim”. There have been court cases, breaking of church roofs, manhandling and other persecutions of poor Indian workers. They need to broadcast in U.S.A. fallen and inflated reports of work of conversion to net dollars which enriched the founder missionaries who claimed to have been baptised by the Holy Spirit. This mission has been recently resuscitated under the leadership of two able and intelligent Indians trained in America. But yet all is not well with the mission. Moreover, there is the ugly possibility of an attempt at sale again.

To come back another notorious situation in the Anglican church, even before Independence the poor and half educated Christians in the village near St. Paul’s church were assured that their rented houses on small plots would be given to them by the mission on certain conditions so that they will not the properties and could develop them as they wanted. They were asked to form a legal society which was quickly done. The rest of the area which was vacant was to be given to other Christian applicants. We have been told there were over thirty outside applicants. The history of the last twenty years has been one of utter frustration as nothing worthwhile has been done. There has been prevarication, promises, silence, and inefficiency. The local property officer has been very evasive. Ugly rumours say the whole big compound may now be sold to the Corporation or to the highest bidder in which case the thirty odd families will be ousted. Even the Godholia Bookroom centre - once a flourishing church - may be sold. It is also rumoured that they are not enthusiastic about the continuation of Jainarain College.

Now listen to the music of the evil Dance at Ramkatora - Acharya Das’ old mission compound for 18 years and also the home of the Khristpanthi Ashram for that duration.

He retired in 1948 at the age of 61. Simultaneously the mission was closed down. They rented the Bungalow to the Government and the smaller buildings and servant’s quarters to some poor Christian families. The mission committee in London gave the power of Attorney to the priests of the local Methodist church (which was one of the seven partners of the United Mission) to look after and deal with the large property with a Bungalow and not less than twenty acres of land. Very soon they made free gifts of 2 to 3 kathas of land together with the houses to these Christians. The Methodist priest grabbed the best plots free of cost and built houses and let them out to businessmen. Some plots were sold to a few order Methodist laymen. Acharya Das was the senior worker of the mission. He applied for 2 kathas of land to build a little Ashram to continue his witness to the Hindus, but his application was thrown away twice, and he was obliged to carry on Ashram work in rented quarters for 23 years now. The big hall which he used for preaching the Gospel and holding classes on Hinduism for Christian workers, was converted into a “Methodist Church” in spite of the fact that the property was that of a united mission.

Now an intriguing thing happened. The landlord got scent of what was going on at Ramkatora - the grand old Zenana Mission centre to whom his ancestor gave the land at cheap rates and the greater part free of cost for the “worship of God and good of man.” The lady missionaries were faithful to the noble purpose and earned the confidence and report of the Hindu population by their works of mercy and enlightenment. The landlord preferred a complaint to the High Court against the Mission for desecration of their gift and claimed the property back. The dozen Christians in the compound, frightened about their future, sold up their plots to rich Hindus and carrying ten to twenty thousand rupees each fled away. The mission got nothing. Then the Mission arranged the sale of the vacant plots. Dame Rumour says that there hos been a lot of corrupt dealings in this connection and some Christians have made good money. And as we are no longer interested in what has happened we do not authoritatively know what has happened to the landlord’s lawsuit. But a bird whispers in our ears that he was won the case. Whatever and however that is, the net consequence is that the Mission has lost good money. Christianity and Christians have got a jolt, the Hindus have seen the unfaithfulness and corruption and greed of Christians, the whole place has been filled with newly built modern and tall houses owned by Hindus and instead of Christian songs and sound of the Gospel, bells of Hindu temples will fill the atmosphere soon.

During the association of Acharya Das with the mission for long 18 years he presented two plans before the All India Committee for the future and further development of its work. (1) Building horses on the roadsides through a building company and then let the houses on rent. So much money would have accrued to the local mission were in few years time that the London Committee would have been freed of the obligation of sending Rs. 16000/- a year to India. The BUCM would have been self-supporting and even could have been enabled to pay for subsidiary developments. The plan was sent to London but apparently imperialist Britons, though Christian, were afraid of the freedom and independence of their Indian child. They could not tolerate their little mission’s going out of their control. Thoroughly blind and misguided! (2) Acharya Das then put another plan before the All India Committee viz., that the mission should be run as an Ashram and not as a foreign institution. This would have simplified the life and work of the place and lessened the cost without in any way affecting the position of the missionary. Moreover, being indigenous it would appeal to our country men. But the missionary colleague sharply reacted against the suggestion when he saw the members were sympathetic to it. So the foreign members of the committee inclined towards the missionary and Indian slaves followed suit. They sacrificed an ideal at the altar of British prestige. Acharya Das was compelled to continue his little Ashram independently though in the same compound and with approval and token grant from the committee. Jealousy and egotism have killed many good things in the world. Had it been accepted fully in spite of the intransigence of the English worker, the Ashram would have grown into a nighty instrument of power for the salvation of men. However, the small Ashram grew in influence and effectiveness over the years and Acharya Das’ ministry through the Ashram was blessed with fruit under the grace of God.

It is sad to think that missionaries came to trade under cover of religion. They sowed a pice and raised a million and that the idiosyncrasies of foreign men and institutions have not only destroyed good buildings and lands acquired in the interests of the native church but also hurt and enslaved native genius and talent given by God for the good of India and for the extension of His Kingdom. As a result of this, aberrations the native churches have been dying low frigid, barren, uncreative here as elsewhere. Only God can raise again the dead to life for which we devoutly pray.

3. The Church of North India and That of South India

These churches are mainly under Indian leadership. So the common people - members of the churches - as also many non-Christians may expect some changes in the polity and policies of the church which will be more in consonance with the spirit of Christianity. Between the comfortable emoluments of bishops and senior officers on the one hand and the meagre allowances of ordinary clergy and evangelists on the other there is a wide gap that corrodes Christian fellowship and cooperation. It is a shame to historical Christianity and authorities of the church that it was reserved for Communism, through bloody struggles, to have roused in the common man a sense of self-respect and human dignity. It is through the influence, direct and indirect, of Communism, atheistic and violent, that the submerged and enslaved masses of humanity have awakened to a realisation of their birthright to equality, liberty and fraternity social and economic justice. Centuries old Christianity with its fatherhood of God and brotherhood of man and Islam with its social equality of man failed to realise the implications of these great spiritual truths. It has needed the thrust of the Communist hammer to rouse some sense and deep thinking. Let us be bold and forthright to follow in the footsteps of the Master and of the Apostles and live according to the teachings of the Bible in our daily mud horribly existence. Can Christians dare to do else than what communists are doing in their social and economic life? Let us look and see that the Christian poor and suppressed masses are as open to communism as Hindu and Muslim dumb and illiterate population in India today. Abstract teaching on brotherhood and fellowship from pulpits is mere hypocrisy so long as rich educated and high caste Christians remain aloof from their humbler and poorer brethren. The example must be shown by the spiritual leaders of the church by responding to the social consciousness that is agitating the common man. Spiritual Christianity (or religion as such) without its practical counterpart is a dangerous half-truth. Nominal or professional Christianity is a risky hypocrisy. In the constitution of the church broad based and democratic enough for the Vox Populi to be heard? Look what is happening in Pakistan and nearer at home our country. Can the church save itself and make a helpful contribution to the turbulent situation on the basis of its own spiritual and social life?

Edited and Published by:

Rev. R.C. Das, M.A.,
Khristpanthi Ashram,
129, Dashashwamedh, Varanasi, India

Printed at:

Evangelical Press,
“CHRIST NAGAR MISSION”,
Badagayedapadavu Post, Mangalore Taluk, S. India